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Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 9(2)abr.-jun. 2011. graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-594928

ABSTRACT

Objective: To study the frequency of mutations that may lead to a good or bad prognosis, as well as their relation with the karyotype and immunophenotype in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Methods: Thirty samples of patients with acute myeloid leukemia were studied, in which FLT3-ITD, FLT3-TKD and NPM1 mutations were investigated. All samples were submitted to immunophenotyping and 25 to karyotyping. Results: An occurrence of 33.3% NPM1 mutation and an equal number of FLT3-ITD mutation were observed. When only the cases with normal karyotype were studied, this figures increased to 50 and 40%, respectively. Eight percent of cases with normal karyotype and genotype NPM1+/FLT3- were included in the group of acute myeloid leukemia with good prognosis. The typical phenotype of acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype and mutated PM1 (HLA-DR and CD34 negative) was not observed in this small series. Conclusion: Good prognosis cases were identified in this series, emphasizing the need to include new genetic markers in the diagnostic routine for the correct classification of acute myeloid leukemia, to more properly estimate prognosis and determine treatment.


Objetivo: Estudar a frequência de mutações, que podem configurar bom ou mau prognóstico, bem como sua relação com estudo de cariótipo e imunofenotípico, em portadores de leucemias mieloides agudas. Métodos: Foram estudadas 30 amostras de portadores de leucemias mieloides agudas, que foram submetidas à pesquisa das mutações FLT3-ITD, FLT3-TKD e NPM1. Todas as amostras foram submetidas a estudo munofenotípico e 25 delas foram submetidas a estudo cariotípico. Resultados: Pudemos observar frequência de 33,3% de mutação NPM1 e igual número em FLT3-ITD, frequênciaque se elevou para 50 e 40% quando se estudaram apenas os casos com cariótipo normal. Dos casos com cariótipo normal, 8% apresentaram o genótipo NPM1+/FLT3-, migrando para o grupo de leucemia mieloide aguda de bom prognóstico. Não observamos o fenótipo típico das leucemias mieloides agudas com cariótipo normal e NPM1 mutado (HLA-DR e CD34 negativos) nesta pequena casuística. Conclusão: O presente estudo foi capaz de identificar casos de bom prognóstico, enfatizando que há necessidade de se incorporarem à rotina diagnóstica novos marcadores genéticos, para a correta estratificação prognóstica e orientação terapêutica da leucemia mieloide aguda.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Chromosome Aberrations , Cytogenetics , Genetic Markers , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
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